Freedom of Information Act of Germany
Overview
The Freedom of Information Act (IFG) of Germany, enacted on September 5, 2005, governs access to information held by federal authorities. It aims to strengthen transparency and accountability in government operations.
Key Provisions
The IFG grants individuals the right to request and receive official information from federal public authorities. It outlines specific exceptions, such as information related to national security, personal data, and ongoing investigations.
Scope and Exceptions
The IFG applies to all federal agencies and authorities, including ministries, departments, and independent bodies. However, it does not cover information held by companies or private individuals. Exceptions to the right to information include: * Information that could endanger national security or public safety * Personal data protected by data protection laws * Ongoing investigations or legal proceedings * Information that would disproportionately interfere with the functions of public authorities
Enforcement and Penalties
Individuals denied access to information can appeal to the Federal Commissioner for Data Protection and Freedom of Information. The commissioner can investigate complaints and issue binding decisions. Authorities that fail to comply with the IFG may face fines or other penalties.
Significance and Impact
The IFG has significantly expanded public access to government information in Germany. It has promoted transparency, strengthened democratic accountability, and enabled citizens to participate more effectively in decision-making processes.
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